Spray nozzle



June 19, 1928.

B. S. NELSON SPRAY NOZZLE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept, 10, 1927 gnvcwhn Patented Jane 19, 1928.

" U'INITED'SFTATES PATENT OFFICE.

BERNARD STANLEY NELSON, F NEW ORLEANS, LOUISIANA, ASSIGNOR TO A. I. LOCKETT & COMPANY, LTI}, OF, NEW ORLEANS,.LOUISIANA, A CORPORATION OI LOUISIANA.

SPRAY NOZZLE.

Application filed September 10,1927. Serial No. 218,821.

This invention relates to nozzles and more especially to the type designated as spray or diffusing nozzles which may be employed for a great many purposes, as for example, 1n

conjunction with cooling towers, fire extinguishers, irrigation projects, fuel spray nozzles of Diesel oil engines, sewage treatment,

spray pond installations, condensers, and

other analogous uses, where'an atmosphere,

area or zone containing a uniform and maximum distribution of .drops of liquid is required, and thesizes and density of the diffusion or distribution of said drops capable of being controlled by the character and arrangement of diffusing elements, and

velocity and manner with which the liquid impinges or reacts against difiusin elements of the nozzle.

The objects of the invention are:

'First, to construct a diffusing or spray I, nozzle 'of'the character (herein indicated which will comprise few parts coactingcontinuously and with a high eiiiciency, low cost within the nozzle and after-ejected and free of manufacture, easily installed and in.-

spected, and repaired, if necessary, at a minimum of expenditure.

Second, to construct a spray nozzle in which the direction of flow of the liquid issuing or emerging from the nozzle will be such as to preserve the greater part of its original energy or velocity and thus be divided into a plurality of streams or portions wh ch will be made to impact or impingeagainst each other exterior of the nozzle and efi'ect a maximum and proper diffusion or spraying of the liquid at a high efficiency with a lower initial pressure as-compared with that now used in prior and similar devices.

Third, to construct a spray nozzle in which the spraying or diffusion of the liquid is due to. the action, cooperation or impact of a plurality of streams of the liquid after emerging or issuing from and exterior of the nozzle, and wherein the spraying depends upon the action of the liquid exterior of the nozzle, and, hence, many conditions can be satisfied by varying the proportions Fourth, other objects and advantages of ence characters indicate the same parts in the several figures,

Figure l is a side elevation of one form of the spraying nozzle;

Figure 2 is a longitudinals ection taken on lines II-II of Figure 1;,

Figure 3 is a transverse section taken on line III+III of Figure 1;

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section rtly N form of tli:

in elevation of a modified in- 76. vention; V Figure 5 is asection taken on line V-V of Figure 4; i

Figure 6 is a side elevation of a further modified form of theinv'ention; j Figure 7 is a section on line VII -VII of Figure 6; I

Figure 8 is a side elevation of a further modified form of theinvention; and

Figure 9 is a section on line IXIX or Figure 8. "Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 3, 10 is the barrel of the nozzle which is provided with a bore or axial passageway or opening 11 having at one of its ends an outlet 12 for the liquid while at its other or inlet end 13 is formed a threaded section 14 for attaching "said barrel and nozzle in communication with any suitable supplyv of liquid under pressure.

15 and 16 are a plurality of separated and superimposed-diffusing or spraying *elements which are rigidly and proper y secured to each other and in proximity to the outlet 12 of the barrel 10 by means of oppositely dis- 10o posed supports or uprights 17,- which are preferably cast or made integral with the outer sections or surfaces of the superimposed diifusing or spraying elements 15 and 16 and the top section of the barrel -10, as 106 I illustrated, I

The diffusing or spraymg element 16 ad jacent to the outlet,12 1s' provided with an.

. the central bore or axial opening 11 for purposes to be presently explained.

The undersides or surfaces 19 and 20, re-

spectively, ofthe superimposed diffusing or spraying elements 15 and 16 are so formed,

'machined or molded as to provide such a shape or configuration that when the liquid under pressure passes through the axial opening 11 and outlet 12, a part of said liquid will impinge against the said under- Side and properly shaped under surface and be deflected into a separate and distinct stream of liquid S, shown in dotted line in Figure 2, and is annular in cross section in planes normal to the axis of the opening 11, while the other partof the liquid emerging from the outlet 12 will pass directly through the opening 18 of the element 16 and impinge against the properly dished under surface 19 of the diffusing or spraying element 15 and be deflected into a separate and distinc't stream of liquid S as shown in dotted lines, and of umbrella-shape with its outer section or end also of annular cross section in planesnormal to the axis of the opening 11, as will be readily understood by reference to Figure 1.

Said two streams S and S after reacting and impinging respectively against the surfaces 20 and 19 will issue from the nozzle and be bent downwardly and made todiverge towards each other and form a circular zone of impact at I, surrounding and in proximity and properly removed from the diffusing or spraying members 15 and 16, and such impact of the streams S and S breaks up said streams into drops or an area or region of sprayed or diffused liquid 'A beyond and encircling the zone of impact I, as clearly shown in Figure 2 and needs no further disclosure.

Figures 4 and 5 show substantially the same construction shown in Figures 1 and 2, except the barrel 101 having axial opening 111 is provided with .supports 171 carrying dilferently shaped separated and superimposed difiusing elements, 151 and 161, said element 161 having opening 181. This modification changes the shapes and direction of the resultant separated and independ-' ent streams of liquid S and S, as indicated in dotted lines, so that the zone of impact I and'region or area of sprayed liquid A is elevated and above the spraying elements 151 and 161, as plainly shown by the dotted lines in Figure 4 and self explanatory.

In Figures 6 and 7 a further modification I is depicted on substantially the same lines as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, in which the barrel 102 having axial opening 112 is provided with supports 172 carrying separated and superimposed deflectingelements 152 and 162, said element 162 having opening 182. This modification differs from that same manner as described with reference to Figures 1 and 2 but forms four distinct streams of liquid S S, S and S andso changes the shapes and directions of the four resultant separated and independent streams of liquid 8, S, S and S so that a plurality or series of three zones of impact I I and I and three regions or areas A A and A of sprayed liquid are created in the relation to each other and the spreading elements 152 and 162, as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 7.

Figures 8 and 9 show substantially the same construction as shown in Figures 6 and 7, exceptthe barrel 103, having axial opening 113, is provided with supports 173, carrying separated and superimposed spreading element-s 153 and 163, said element 163 having opening 183. This modification differs from that shown in Figures 6 and 7 in that coacting deflecting surfaces on the undersides of the spreading elements 153 and 163 and facing the axial opening 113 instead of being provided with parallel flutes 191 and 201, shown in Figures 6 and 7, are provided with staggered flutes 192 and 202 arranged as shown. This construction of spreading elements 153 and 163 with staggered flutes 192 and 203 operates in the same manner'as described with reference to-Figures 1 and 2, except that it also develops, similar to the modification shown in Figures 6 and 7, a series of four distinct and independent streams of liquid 8*, S S and S and so changes the shapes and directions of said four resultant streams S S, S and S so that a plurality or series of three zones of impact I, I and I and three regions or areas of sprayed liquid are produced in the relative position to each other and the .struction and arrangement of the cooperating elements of the improved spraying nozzle and mode of operation of the same, it will be seen that all the objects and advantages recited in the statement of invention-are capable of being efli'ciently carried out, and that the present lnvention by simple spreading elements 153 and 163, as fully changes in the. angles of the emitted and imtil pinging streams or sheets-of liquid is enabled to satisfy a wide variety of forms of spray, and, hence, meet various and particular conditions for which the same may be called upon to meet.

Furthermore, the construction of the herein disclosed form of nozzle permits comparative low pressures to be used which makes it possible for a given capacity to use much larger openings in the present and improved nozzle than heretofore, and, hence, lessliable to clogging or stoppage of the liquid flow than with a nozzle with smaller openings, and, if desired, the pressure can be increased with larger openings without anymaterial frictional losses, thereby enabling a large quantity of liquid to be handled with very few nozzles.

Also with a nozzle with large openings and use of low velocity of the liquid, it is po 'sible to make an eflici'ent nozzle Without any machine work for the reason the friction at low velocity is not a serious matter, whereas with high velocity type of nozzles, it is mostessential that all friction surfaces of the' moving liquidbe highly polished or machined. 4 i

It will also be readily understood that while I have shown and described the use of the minimum number or two as comprismember having an axial opening through ing the cooperating separated and superimposed diffusing elements, this number can be increased for special purposes in satisfying problems of engineering involving spraying operation without-departing from the present invention, as expressed in the claims.

What I claim is 1 A spray nozzle comprising a barrel member having an axial opening through which a stream of liquid may be discharged, of a spreading member attached to said barrel member in proximity to the discharge end and in alinement with said axial opening, said spreading member consisting of a plurality of separated and superimposed diffusing elements provided with-'coacting deflecting surfaces constructed and arranged on their sides facing the axial opening and spreading member and an area of sprayed or diffused liquid beyond said zone of imp-act. 2. A spray nozzle comprising a barrel which a stream of liquid may be di'"charged, of a spreading member. attached to said bar 'rel member in proximity to the discharge end and in alinement with said axial openmg, said spreadmg member. consisting of a 'plurality of separated and superimposed diffusing elements provided with coacting deflecting surfaces constructed and arranged on their sides facing the axial opening and adapted to be impinged upon by the liquid passingthrough said axial oppning so that the liquid passing through the-axial opening is divided. into a plurality of separate and independent streams of liquid annular in cross-section in planes normal to the axis of the opening and diverging towards and impinging'agaimt each other to form a zone of impact of said streams of liquid removed i and in proximity to said spreading member and an area of sprayed or dlffused liquid beyond said zone of impact,

3.-A spray nozzle comprising a barrel diffusing elements, oneof said elements next to the axial opening'provided with an aperture, said diffusing elements provided with coacting deflecting surfaces constructed and arranged on their sidesfacing the axial opening and adapted to be impinged upon by the liquid passing through said axialopening so that the liquid passingthrough the axial opening and opening in said diffusing element next to said'axial opening is divided into a plurality of separate and independent streams of liquid diverging towards and impinging against each other to form a circular zone of impact betweensaid streams of liquid removed and in proximity to said spreading member and .an area ofsprayed or diffused liquid beyond saidzone of impact. 7 i

4. A spray nozzle comprising a barrel member having an axial opening through which a stream of liquid may be discharged,

of a spreading member attached to said barrel member in proximity to the discharge end and in alinement with-said axial opening, said spreading member consisting of a plurality of separated and superimposed difi'us'ing elements provided with icoactin fluted deflecting surfaces constructed an arranged on their sides facing the axial opening andadapted to be impinged upon by the liquid passing through said axial opening so that the liquid passing through "the axial opening is divided into-a plurality of separated and independent 'streamspf liquid diverging towards and impingln against each other to form a plurahty o separate and distinct zonesof impactre- 4 moved-and in proximity to said spreading member and a plurality of separated areas of sprayed or difiTused liquid 'beyond said zones of impact.

5. A spray nozzle comprising a barrel member having an axial opening through which a stream of liquid may be dischar ed, of a spreading member attached to said arrel member in proximity to the discharge end and in alinemcnt with said axial opening. said spreading member consisting of a plurality of separated and superimposed diflusing elements provided with coaeting staggered fluted deflecting surfaces constructed and arranged on their sides facing the axial opening and adapted to be im pinged upon by theliquid passing through said axial opening so that the liquid pass ing through the axial opening is divided into a pluralty of separate and independent streams of liquid diverging towards and impinging against each other to form a plurality of separate and distinct zones of impact removed and in proximity to said spreading member and a plurality of separated areas of sprayed or diffused liquid beyond said zones of impact.

6. A spray nozzle comprising a barrel member having an axial opening through which a stream of liquid may be discharged, of a spreading member attached to said bar rel member'in proximity to the discharge end and in alinement with said axial opening, said spreading member consisting of a plurality of separated and superimposed difiusing elements, one of said elements next to the axial opening being providedwith an aperture, said diflusing elements provided with coacting fluted deflecting sur faces constructed and arranged on their sides facing the axial opening and adapted to beimpinged upon by the liquid passing through said axial opening and opening in said difl'using element next to said axial opening so that the liquid passing through,

the axial opening is divided into a plurality of separate and independent streams of hquid diverging towards and impinging against each other to form a plurality of separate and distinct zones of impact removed and in proximity to saidspreading member and a plurality of separated areas of sprayed or diffused liquid beyond said zones of impact. I

7. A spray nozzle comprising a barrel member having an axial opening through which a stream of liquid may be discharged, of a spreading member attached to said barrel member in proximity to the discharge 'said difi'using' element next to said axial opening so that the liquid passing through the axial opening is divided into a plurality of separate and independent streams of liquid diverging towards and impinging against each other to form a plurality of separate and distinct zones of impact removed and in proximity to said spreading member and a pluralit of separated areas of sprayed or diffused liquid beyond said zones of impact.

8. A spray nozzle comprising a barrel member having an openingthrough which a stream of liquid may be discharged, of a spreading member attached to said barrel member in proximity to the discharge end of said opening, said spreading member con-u sisting of a plurality of separated and superimposed diffusing elements provided with coacting deflecting surfaces constructcd and arranged on their sides facing the opening and adapted to be impinged upon by the liquid passing through said opening so that the liquid passing through the open ing is divided into a plurality of separate and independent streams of liquid diverging towards and impinging against each other to form a zone of impact of said streams of liquid removed and in proximity to said spreading member and an area of sprayed or diffused liquid beyond said zone of impact.

In testimony whereof I hereunto afiix my signature.

BERNARD STANLEY NELSON. 

